Garbage Management System Project

Municipal Waste Management in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alanya

From the next year in Russia, a new system of solid municipal waste (SMW) management will start operating which will be the result of a deep reform of the industry. The new system assumes a significant increase in the volumes of separate collection and sorting of garbage, which will reduce its disposal at landfills. The reform will result in a significant improvement in the domestic waste management, especially in rural areas and the private sector around large cities suffering from illegal refuse dumps. The section of the law related to the powers of local authorities in the field of solid municipal waste management will go into force on January 1, 2019.  

Since the next year there will be a complete transition to a radically different operation procedure of the industry of solid municipal waste collection and utilization throughout the country. These changes will affect all homeowners and the absolute majority of legal entities. The reform in the field of solid municipal waste management has lasted for two decades, since the Federal Law “On Production and Consumption Waste” adoption in June 1998 [1]. This sphere is large-scale and very complex. Suffice it to say that about 70 million tons of solid municipal waste will generate in the country only this year, and its annual increase is 3 million tons. Next year, the area of landfills for SMW will be 52 thousand square km (what is 7 thousand square km more than the area of Estonia, or 6.5 area of the republic of North Ossetia-Alania). The increase here is 4 thousand square km per year. In the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the situation is not better than in the whole country. Due to the shortage of land and the high population density in the republic, it is very difficult to find a place for a creation of new landfills that meet all statutory requirements. In this connection, only two landfills (Vladikavkaz landfill and Mozdok landfill) have been added to the state register of waste disposal. All the others are actually unauthorized.For years supervisory authorities have imposed fines for such unauthorized landfills on local administrations, which only worsened their financial condition and aggravated the situation with waste utilization. That is why the necessity of the scale reform of the industry at the federal level arises, and it reaches the final stage this year. The reform assumes that, in accordance with the changes in the above-mentioned law since 2016, the authority of SMW management has been transferred from the local level to the level of the subjects. Particularly, now the republic is obliged to develop and adopt long-term programs for the SMW management, create new landfills for their disposal etc. At the same time, instead of almost eighty current organizations dealing with SMW, functioning at the municipal level, two large regional operators will be functioning in the republic in the next 10 years. In May, a regional operator Chistiy gorod LLC was defined for the Mozdok region and on August 10 Ecoalians LLC was defined for the rest of the territory. Such division into two zones is caused by the economic expediency of linking the maximum number of settlements to the two registered landfills mentioned above. For the consumer, it makes no difference who takes away the garbage, but there is a threat of a garbage collapse that may occur during our lifetime. Don`t we want to think about the future of our children and grandchildren?! And for the solution of the large-scale problem, an approach at the domestic level (which is now being implemented in full) has been needed for a long time. Code Shoppy Such an approach involves the adoption and effective implementation of the republican program. Only the State can oblige the authorized major regional operators to implement it, but not numerous private short-lived firms.For example, it is for the first time that the State requires bank guarantees from regional operators to ensure their work, which amounted to about 130 million rubles for Ecoalians and 5 million for Chistiy gorod. What is it for? Regional operators are not at all obliged to come to our market with their own equipment and their army of yard-keepers. They can attract their current employees to work, but they are fully responsible for the results of their work. The responsibility of regional operators is also the elimination of waste landfills which have been created for decades in all regional centers. All such landfills are illegal according to the law [2]. In addition, the SMW management includes not only its collection, removal and storage at the landfill, but also processing. Today this function (with very low efficiency) is performed by private companies, and in the future, it is necessary to increase at times the level of its processing and return to the economy to reduce the amount of waste. The question arises whether monopolists will inflate tariffs for their services in comparison with the low current ones? But we must understand that tariffs for the export and disposal of SMW do not simply exist today, because this sphere has not been regulated by the State yet. Till the end of the year, the prices for services of currently functioning commercial organizations will continue to operate. Their cost is recommended by local authorities of each of the municipal districts and Vladikavkaz only on their territories. Since the new year, the industry will switch to price formation according to the tariffs approved by state bodies. It is definitely good for consumers, because transparency and reliable economic sufficiency appear in the formation of the services cost. It is necessary both for the confidence of citizens and for maintaining the cost of services, at least at a minimum level of profitability of regional operators work. Today, waste generation standards are being actively developed on the basis of reliable statistical data. https://codeshoppy.com/shop/product/location-based-garbage-management-system-for-smart-city/ This work is not simple and the amount of tariffs for the population, state, municipal and private organizations and enterprises depends on its quality [3]. In the short term, the Ministry of Housing and communal services, Fuel and Energy of North Ossetia-Alania intends to create an electronic republican scheme for solid municipal waste disposal. It will be an interactive map, where in real time anyone can see all elements of the system of waste collection and disposal up to the travel time of collector vehicles. However, the more complex task, perhaps, will be the change of people’s attitude to the very problem of waste generation and processing. Obviously, the most important condition for fight against it is its separate collection [4]. The Ministry of Housing and communal services, Fuel and Energy of North Ossetia-Alania has conducted such experiments in Vladikavkaz, and, unfortunately, the results were sad. Therefore, the development of the ecological consciousness should become an integral part of the reform of the sector.